Optimal. Leaf size=58 \[ \frac {1}{2} x \csc \left (a+2 \log \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )\right )+\frac {1}{2} i x \cot \left (a+2 \log \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )\right ) \csc \left (a+2 \log \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )\right ) \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.02, antiderivative size = 51, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.88, number of steps
used = 3, number of rules used = 3, integrand size = 17, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.176, Rules used = {4600, 4602,
267} \begin {gather*} -\frac {2 i e^{i a} x \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )^{2 i}}{\left (1-e^{2 i a} \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )^{4 i}\right )^2} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 267
Rule 4600
Rule 4602
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \csc ^3\left (a+2 \log \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )\right ) \, dx &=-\left (\left (2 i \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )^{2 i} x\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int x^{-1-2 i} \csc ^3(a+2 \log (x)) \, dx,x,c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )\right )\\ &=\left (16 e^{3 i a} \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )^{2 i} x\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^{-1+4 i}}{\left (1-e^{2 i a} x^{4 i}\right )^3} \, dx,x,c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )\\ &=-\frac {2 i e^{i a} \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )^{2 i} x}{\left (1-e^{2 i a} \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )^{4 i}\right )^2}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [B] Both result and optimal contain complex but leaf count is larger than twice
the leaf count of optimal. \(137\) vs. \(2(58)=116\).
time = 0.16, size = 137, normalized size = 2.36 \begin {gather*} \frac {\csc ^2\left (a+2 \log \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )\right ) \left (i \left (-1+2 x^2\right ) \cos \left (a+2 \log \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )-i \log (x)\right )+\left (1+2 x^2\right ) \sin \left (a+2 \log \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )-i \log (x)\right )\right ) \left (\cos \left (2 \left (a+2 \log \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )-i \log (x)\right )\right )+i \sin \left (2 \left (a+2 \log \left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )-i \log (x)\right )\right )\right )}{2 x^2} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order
3.
time = 0.24, size = 209, normalized size = 3.60
method | result | size |
risch | \(-\frac {2 i x \left (x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )^{2 i} c^{2 i} {\mathrm e}^{\mathrm {csgn}\left (i c \,x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )^{3} \pi -\mathrm {csgn}\left (i c \,x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )^{2} \mathrm {csgn}\left (i c \right ) \pi -\mathrm {csgn}\left (i c \,x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )^{2} \mathrm {csgn}\left (i x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right ) \pi +\mathrm {csgn}\left (i c \,x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right ) \mathrm {csgn}\left (i c \right ) \mathrm {csgn}\left (i x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right ) \pi +i a}}{\left (\left (x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )^{4 i} c^{4 i} {\mathrm e}^{2 \mathrm {csgn}\left (i c \,x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )^{3} \pi } {\mathrm e}^{-2 \mathrm {csgn}\left (i c \,x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )^{2} \mathrm {csgn}\left (i c \right ) \pi } {\mathrm e}^{-2 \mathrm {csgn}\left (i c \,x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right )^{2} \mathrm {csgn}\left (i x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right ) \pi } {\mathrm e}^{2 \,\mathrm {csgn}\left (i c \,x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right ) \mathrm {csgn}\left (i c \right ) \mathrm {csgn}\left (i x^{\frac {i}{2}}\right ) \pi } {\mathrm e}^{2 i a}-1\right )^{2}}\) | \(209\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [B] Both result and optimal contain complex but leaf count of result is larger than
twice the leaf count of optimal. 153 vs. \(2 (40) = 80\).
time = 0.31, size = 153, normalized size = 2.64 \begin {gather*} -\frac {2 \, {\left ({\left (i \, \cos \left (a\right ) - \sin \left (a\right )\right )} \cos \left (2 \, \log \left (c\right )\right ) - {\left (\cos \left (a\right ) + i \, \sin \left (a\right )\right )} \sin \left (2 \, \log \left (c\right )\right )\right )} x e^{\left (6 \, \arctan \left (\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \log \left (x\right )\right ), \cos \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \log \left (x\right )\right )\right )\right )}}{{\left (\cos \left (4 \, a\right ) + i \, \sin \left (4 \, a\right )\right )} \cos \left (8 \, \log \left (c\right )\right ) - 2 \, {\left ({\left (\cos \left (2 \, a\right ) + i \, \sin \left (2 \, a\right )\right )} \cos \left (4 \, \log \left (c\right )\right ) + {\left (i \, \cos \left (2 \, a\right ) - \sin \left (2 \, a\right )\right )} \sin \left (4 \, \log \left (c\right )\right )\right )} e^{\left (4 \, \arctan \left (\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \log \left (x\right )\right ), \cos \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \log \left (x\right )\right )\right )\right )} + {\left (i \, \cos \left (4 \, a\right ) - \sin \left (4 \, a\right )\right )} \sin \left (8 \, \log \left (c\right )\right ) + e^{\left (8 \, \arctan \left (\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \log \left (x\right )\right ), \cos \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \log \left (x\right )\right )\right )\right )}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [A]
time = 1.94, size = 57, normalized size = 0.98 \begin {gather*} -\frac {2 \, {\left (2 i \, x^{2} e^{\left (3 i \, a + 6 i \, \log \left (c\right )\right )} - i \, e^{\left (5 i \, a + 10 i \, \log \left (c\right )\right )}\right )}}{x^{4} - 2 \, x^{2} e^{\left (2 i \, a + 4 i \, \log \left (c\right )\right )} + e^{\left (4 i \, a + 8 i \, \log \left (c\right )\right )}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \csc ^{3}{\left (a + 2 \log {\left (c x^{\frac {i}{2}} \right )} \right )}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [A]
time = 1.11, size = 74, normalized size = 1.28 \begin {gather*} \frac {2 i \, c^{10 i} e^{\left (5 i \, a\right )}}{c^{8 i} e^{\left (4 i \, a\right )} - 2 \, c^{4 i} x^{2} e^{\left (2 i \, a\right )} + x^{4}} - \frac {4 i \, c^{6 i} x^{2} e^{\left (3 i \, a\right )}}{c^{8 i} e^{\left (4 i \, a\right )} - 2 \, c^{4 i} x^{2} e^{\left (2 i \, a\right )} + x^{4}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [B]
time = 4.54, size = 55, normalized size = 0.95 \begin {gather*} -\frac {x\,{\mathrm {e}}^{a\,1{}\mathrm {i}}\,{\left (c\,x^{\frac {1}{2}{}\mathrm {i}}\right )}^{2{}\mathrm {i}}\,2{}\mathrm {i}}{1+{\mathrm {e}}^{a\,4{}\mathrm {i}}\,{\left (c\,x^{\frac {1}{2}{}\mathrm {i}}\right )}^{8{}\mathrm {i}}-2\,{\mathrm {e}}^{a\,2{}\mathrm {i}}\,{\left (c\,x^{\frac {1}{2}{}\mathrm {i}}\right )}^{4{}\mathrm {i}}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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